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Why does AP use the term Persian Gulf?

by Anna Jo Bratton, AP Stylebook editor on May 28, 2025
The AP uses the term Persian Gulf because it is commonly recognized and historically accurate. The body of water has been known as the Persian Gulf for some 2,500 years, with references dating as far back as 550 BC. Ancient Persia is now modern-day Iran, which borders the body of water. Other bordering nations include Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates.
 
In the past 75 years, some Arab nations have used the term “Arabian Gulf.”
 
Previously, the AP recommended using “Arabian Gulf” only in direct quotations, because the term it is not as well known. The AP regularly reviews its guidance when important terms become part of the news. In reviewing our style on Persian Gulf, we decided to allow for use of the name Arabian Gulf if necessary outside of direct quotations. We will still include an explanation that the body of water has long been known as the Persian Gulf.

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